Government
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Kingship: 753-510 BCE
Republic: 510-27 BCE
Empire: 27 BCE-476
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Theocracy
Collapse of centralized political power, with a slow and unsteady development of the papacy into a powerful political organization.
Innocent III as the apogee of the papacy in international politics.
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Limited Monarchy: 1870-1921
Fascist Dictatorship: 1921-1943
Parliamentary Gov: 1943 ff.
Christian Democratic Party was often the strongest into the 1990’s. Now Forza Italia is the leading party.
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Views of Virtue
(What makes a good human being? What qualities are admired?)
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Focus on the Republic:
Consider Livy’s republican heroes, Coriolanus, Cicero’s writings on duties. Much emphasis on “the citizen” as our proper fulfillment. Virtus.
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Consider Sermon on the Mount and the Beatitudes; the cardinal (fortitude, justice, prudence, and temperance), theological virtues (faith, hope, charity), the seven deadly sins (gluttony, sloth, anger,
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What human qualities are especially admired by contemporary Italians? What kind of people do they want to be? [Friendliness, pleasantness, helpfulness, openness, ???]
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Art: Favorite Subjects
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Human beings, political leaders, gods and mythology
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Old and New Testaments, lives of the saints, doctors of the Church [Later, powerful families.]
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[What would you say?]
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Architecture:
Characteristic forms
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Basilica, aqueduct, theater, amphitheater, roads,
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Latin Cross Church
Central Plan Church
Walls and towers for defense
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High rise apartment buildings, industries and their headquarters, hospitals and schools
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